Question 1:

Step 1: Absolute error
Given: 5±1 mm → Absolute error = 1 mm

Step 2: Fractional error

Step 3: Percentage error

That matches:
Percentage error = 20%
Fractional error = 0.2
Absolute error = 1 mm

That is B.

Answer: B ✅

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 2:

Step 1: Precision
Precision refers to how close the measurements are to each other.
The values: 11.4, 11.5, 11.5, 11.6 are all very close to each other (small spread).
So they are precise.

Step 2: Accuracy
Accuracy refers to how close the average is to the true/accepted value.
Accepted value: 9.8 m/s²
Average measured: 11.5 m/s² → far from 9.8 → not accurate.

So: precise but not accurate → D.

Answer: D ✅

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 3:

Step 1: Find the mean
Mean =(11.4+11.5+11.5+11.6) / 4 = (46.0)/4 = 11.5 m/s²

Step 2: Find the uncertainty (range/2 method for small data sets)
Range = 11.6−11.4 = 0.2
Uncertainty ≈ range/2 = 0.1

Step 3: Write final result
From the data: 11.5 ± 0.1 m/s²
This is what the experiment actually produced — not the accepted value.

So the correct choice is D.

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 4:

If the stopwatch is stopped too quickly in all trials, this causes a consistent bias in one direction (times too short, calculated g too high).

That is the definition of a systematic error.

Answer: D ✅

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 5:

The ruler has a short piece before the zero mark, meaning the zero is offset.

• Type of error: This is a systematic error because it affects all measurements in the same way.

• Effect: If the ruler’s true zero is above the bottom of the plastic tip, then any measured length will be less than the actual length (because you’re starting from a point above the true zero).
  But wait — let’s think carefully:

If the ruler is placed into the liquid and you read the depth from the scale, the scale’s "0" is not at the very bottom of the ruler.
So when you measure the depth, the number you read is smaller than the true depth.
Example: True depth = 10 cm, but ruler reads 8 cm because 2 cm is the offset before zero.
So reading is too low.

That matches: systematic and reading is too low → B.

Answer: B ✅

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 6:

For a digital balance, the uncertainty is typically ± the smallest division (or ±1 in the last digit displayed).

Here, the reading is 72.0 g, so the smallest division is 0.1 g.
Thus, uncertainty = ±0.05 g is common for instruments (half of the smallest digit), but often in high school physics, for digital devices, it's taken as ±0.1 g (the resolution).

Given the options, B. 72.0 ± 0.1 g is correct for a digital reading to 1 decimal place.

Answer: B ✅

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 7:

Step 1: Nominal volume
V=(10 cm)³=1000 cm³

Step 2: Uncertainty using percentage method
Fractional uncertainty in length: 1/10=0.1
For volume V=L³, fractional uncertainty in V = 3×(fractional uncertainty in L):

Step 3: Absolute uncertainty in V

So: V=1000 ± 300 cm³ → C.

Answer: C ✅

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 8:

Step 1: Add the masses
14+24=38 kg

Step 2: Add absolute uncertainties
For addition: Δm_total=Δm_A+Δm_B

So: 38±5 kg → D.

Answer: D ✅

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 9:

Percentage error in length:

Time: 5±1 s s
Percentage error in time:

That matches B: 10%, 20%.

Answer: B ✅

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 10:

Velocity v=length/time
For division, total percentage error:

%Δv=%ΔL+%Δt

%Δv=10%+20%=30%

That matches C: 30%.

Answer: C ✅

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.